卫生保健设施 must protect patients, staff and the physical environment during construction. 无论施工类型或方法, buildings and other structures are more vulnerable to fire when they are under construction, 变更, or demolition than when demolition is completed. 在施工期间, the absence or impairment of fire suppression and detection, 出口方式, 和分隔, along with the presence of heavier concentrations of readily ignitable combustibles, increases the likelihood of fires spreading more rapidly than expected during normal use.
在新建筑中, fires can more easily cause severe damage because of incomplete structural systems, lack of applied fire-resistant materials and the exposed condition of the structure. Using hot work in 医疗保健 construction operations also increases the likelihood of a fire. Fires can destroy building materials stored on site, 项目完成的长时间延误, 长期业务中断, 受伤或失去生命.
NFPA 241, 防护施工标准, 变更, and Demolition Operations
NFPA 241 provides the guidance necessary to achieve a High-Reliability Organization's (HRO) goals and is the best standard to address hazards associated with construction in 医疗保健 facilities. It is mandated in 42 states across the country where NFPA 1, Fire Code, or the International Fire Code (IFC) has been adopted and applicable to the 出口方式 in 医疗保健 and ambulatory 医疗保健 occupancies per NFPA 101 (as required by the Centers for Medicare & 医疗补助服务(CMS). NFPA 241分为三个方面:
- Frontal matter (administrative, references, definitions)
- Core matter (temporary construction, process and hazards, utilities and fire protection)
- 专门章节(屋顶操作), 高层木结构, underground operations and other operations)
FPPM和防火计划
NFPA 241 requirements specify the designation of a Fire Prevention Program Manager (FPPM) responsible for keeping all personnel safe and ensuring the project is completed safely in accordance with all requirements. The FPPM has the authority and budget to implement NFPA 241 via a documented Fire Prevention Plan fully. Key elements of the NFPA 241 Fire Prevention Plan should be prepared by qualified personnel and include:
- 消防
- 管家
- 现场安全
- 消防系统
- Pre-fire计划
- 通信系统(s)
- 特殊危害
- On-site fire brigade (emergency response personnel)
The Fire Prevention Plan is a vital document that sets forth the foundation necessary for coordination amongst various stakeholders within a 医疗保健 facility. 例如, 医疗保健 facilities must provide elements necessary for a defend-in-place strategy, including passive fire protection features like smoke compartmentation.
Where such fire protection elements are impacted during construction in a 医疗保健 facility, the hospital must manage the environment to reduce risk to the organization's employees. The 医疗保健 facility must assess 生命安全 code deficiencies per their interim 生命安全 measure (ILSM) policy and determine how to compensate for increased 生命安全 risk. 此外, fire procedures such as evacuation and relocation plans and fire drills may need to be altered for 医疗保健 construction operations and then updated post-construction.
Protect Your Facility from Fire During Construction
Our team at Jensen Hughes takes pride in assisting 医疗保健 facilities and those working at 医疗保健 facilities with addressing the many challenges and considerations required to maintain 生命安全 施工期间. Learn more about how Jensen Hughes can help with the implementation of NFPA 241 and emergency preparedness in your 医疗保健 organization.